Florence Wikipedia. Pocketmoney Mac Serial here. Florence FLOR ns Italian Firenzefirntse  listen2 is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with 3. Florence was a centre of medieval. European trade and finance and one of the wealthiest cities of that era. It is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, and has been called the Athens of the Middle Ages. A turbulent political history includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici family and numerous religious and republican revolutions. From 1. Kingdom of Italy. The Florentine dialect forms the base of Standard Italian and it became the language of culture throughout Italy7 due to the prestige of the masterpieces by Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccol Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini. Anno 1404 English Language Pack' title='Anno 1404 English Language Pack' />The city attracts millions of tourists each year, and the Historic Centre of Florence was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1. The city is noted for its culture, Renaissance art and architecture and monuments. The city also contains numerous museums and art galleries, such as the Uffizi Gallery and the Palazzo Pitti, and still exerts an influence in the fields of art, culture and politics. Due to Florences artistic and architectural heritage, it has been ranked by Forbes as one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Anno 1404 English Language Pack' title='Anno 1404 English Language Pack' />Florence is an important city in Italian fashion,9 being ranked in the top 1. In 2. 00. 8, the city had the 1. Italy. 1. 2Historyedit. View of Florence by Hartmann Schedel, published in 1. Florence originated as a Roman city, and later, after a long period as a flourishing trading and banking medieval commune, it was the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance. According to the Encyclopdia Britannica, it was politically, economically, and culturally one of the most important cities in Europe and the world from the 1. The language spoken in the city during the 1. ABBS_PRD/on/demandware.static/-/Sites-masterCatalog/default/dw6111333c/images/large/56c4947f88a7e300458b467c-7.jpg?sw=783&sh=440&sm=fit' alt='Anno 1404 English Language Pack' title='Anno 1404 English Language Pack' />Italian language. Almost all the writers and poets in Italian literature of the golden age are in some way connected with Florence, leading ultimately to the adoption of the Florentine dialect, above all the local dialects, as a literary language of choice. Starting from the late Middle Ages, Florentine moneyin the form of the gold florinfinanced the development of industry all over Europe, from Britain to Bruges, to Lyon and Hungary. Tabtight professional, free when you need it, VPN service. No Date Title Setter Description 0 26021930 A Radiept Crossword Normal. A Musical Crossword Clues concern music. GOG. com is a digital distribution platform an online store with a curated selection of games, an optional gaming client giving you freedom of choice, and a vivid. Florentine bankers financed the English kings during the Hundred Years War. They similarly financed the papacy, including the construction of their provisional capital of Avignon and, after their return to Rome, the reconstruction and Renaissance embellishment of Rome. Florence was home to the Medici, one of European historys most important noble families. Lorenzo de Medici was considered a political and cultural mastermind of Italy in the late 1. Two members of the family were popes in the early 1. Leo X and Clement VII. Catherine de Medici married king Henry II of France and, after his death in 1. France. Marie de Medici married Henry IV of France and gave birth to the future king Louis XIII. The Medici reigned as Grand Dukes of Tuscany, starting with Cosimo I de Medici in 1. Gian Gastone de Medici in 1. Roman originseditThe Etruscans initially formed in 2. BC the small settlement of Fiesole Faesulae in Latin,1. Lucius Cornelius Sulla in 8. BC in reprisal for supporting the populares faction in Rome. The present city of Florence was established by Julius Caesar in 5. BC as a settlement for his veteran soldiers and was named originally Fluentia, owing to the fact that it was built between two rivers, which was later changed to Florentia flowering. It was built in the style of an army camp with the main streets, the cardo and the decumanus, intersecting at the present Piazza della Repubblica. Situated along the Via Cassia, the main route between Rome and the north, and within the fertile valley of the Arno, the settlement quickly became an important commercial centre. In centuries to come, the city experienced turbulent periods of Ostrogothic rule, during which the city was often troubled by warfare between the Ostrogoths and the Byzantines, which may have caused the population to fall to as few as 1,0. Peace returned under Lombard rule in the 6th century. Florence was conquered by Charlemagne in 7. Duchy of Tuscany, with Lucca as capital. The population began to grow again and commerce prospered. In 8. 54, Florence and Fiesole were united in one county. Second millenniumeditMargrave Hugo chose Florence as his residency instead of Lucca at about 1. AD. The Golden Age of Florentine art began around this time. In 1. 01. 3, construction began on the Basilica di San Miniato al Monte. The exterior of the church was reworked in Romanesque style between 1. In 1. 10. 0, Florence was a Commune, meaning a city state. The citys primary resource was the Arno river, providing power and access for the industry mainly textile industry, and access to the Mediterranean sea for international trade. Another great source of strength was its industrious merchant community. The Florentine merchant banking skills became recognised in Europe after they brought decisive financial innovation e. This period also saw the eclipse of Florences formerly powerful rival Pisa defeated by Genoa in 1. Florence in 1. 40. Giano della Bella, that resulted in a set of laws called the Ordinances of Justice 1. Middle Ages and RenaissanceeditRise of the MedicieditOf a population estimated at 9. Black Death of 1. Florence was the scene of an attempted strike by wool combers ciompi, who in 1. Revolt of the Ciompi. After their suppression, Florence came under the sway 1. Albizzi family, who became bitter rivals of the Medici. In the 1. 5th century, Florence was among the largest cities in Europe, considered rich and economically successful. Life was not idyllic for all residents though, among whom there were great disparities in wealth. Cosimo de Medici was the first Medici family member to essentially control the city from behind the scenes. Although the city was technically a democracy of sorts, his power came from a vast patronage network along with his alliance to the new immigrants, the gente nuova new people. The fact that the Medici were bankers to the pope also contributed to their ascendancy. Cosimo was succeeded by his son Piero, who was, soon after, succeeded by Cosimos grandson, Lorenzo in 1. Lorenzo was a great patron of the arts, commissioning works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Botticelli. Lorenzo was an accomplished poet and musician and brought composers and singers to Florence, including Alexander Agricola, Johannes Ghiselin, and Heinrich Isaac. By contemporary Florentines and since, he was known as Lorenzo the Magnificent Lorenzo il Magnifico. Following Lorenzo de Medicis death in 1. Piero II. When the French king Charles VIII invaded northern Italy, Piero II chose to resist his army. But when he realised the size of the French army at the gates of Pisa, he had to accept the humiliating conditions of the French king. These made the Florentines rebel and they expelled Piero II. With his exile in 1. Medici rule ended with the restoration of a republican government. Savonarola and Machiavelliedit. Girolamo Savonarola being burnt at the stake in 1. During this period, the Dominican friar. Girolamo Savonarola had become prior of the San Marco monastery in 1.